Academlab

Global Postpandemic Challenges

Salome Pirvely — 2021-10-22

Post-pandemic challenges and their analysis have become the most topical issue of discussion recently. The pandemic has posed great challenges to the entire world, the whole universe. It has become a reality that has comprised the world. This problem has affected every sector and consequently its analysis and understanding has become extremely important. Today, a large army of scholars, historians, chroniclers, professors are trying to describe this phenomenon so that history can preserve these facts for the future. The pandemic affected everyone without distinction, it caused immeasurable damage to the inhabitants of the earth. It became impossible to foresee and subordinate it in time. Its prediction is unrealistic, and the expectation of the end is infinite.

Pandemic, Globalization and PR

Marine Kobalava — 2021-10-22

The article analyzes the impact of events caused by the coronavirus pandemic on public opinion and capabilities of public awareness management. At the same time, the validity of the use of electronic means of communication and the role and importance of electronic PR in the conditions of switching to remote working methods are evaluated.

Foreign Direct Investment in the South Caucasus Countries at the Present Stage

Levan Silagadze — 2021-10-22

The aim of this paper is to investigate the comparative trends in foreign direct investment (FDI) flows in the South Caucasus countries (Georgia, Azerbaĳan, Armenia) against the background of the current Covid-19 pandemic. According to the conclusion of the study: Due to the severe crisis in the world economy, in 2020 the world gross domestic product (GDP) decreased by almost 3 trillion US dollars (compared to the previous year); The volume of foreign direct investment (FDI) also decreased sharply - in the world - by 39.4%, in developed economies by 65.5%, including in the EU - by 79.7%, in developing economies - by 71.1%, and in transition economies by 75.8%; The share (%) of foreign direct investment in GDP in the South Caucasus countries was the highest in 2007, and recently Georgia has the higher rates. Without foreign investment, the economies of the transition countries won’t be able to make rapid progress, although such investments, along with development, such type of investments are followed by the acquisition of relevant property, capital outflows from the recipient countries, and thus moderation in their attraction poverty, and etc. Negative indicators; The economy found itself almost entirely in the grip of a pandemic, which required a sharp strengthening of the state’s regulatory role; Among the countries of the South Caucasus, the largest decrease in foreign raw materials; In Georgia, after a sharp decline in foreign direct investment, in the second quarter of 2021 (compared to the previous quarter), this figure increased more in agriculture and fisheries, in manufacturing and energy sector, in the foreign direct investment financial sector has the highest share (35.0%), energy (27.8%) and manufacturing (19.9%).

COVID-19 Pandemic as Opportunity to Ensure a More Successful Future for Science and Public Health

Maia Vasadze — 2021-10-22

The ideas and opinions expressed in this article evolved through a series of focused meetings among the members of the National Academies of Sciences, Medicine and Engineering (NASEM) at Emory University. Despite modern scientific and technological advances, the response to the COVID-19 pandemic has clearly exposed vulnerabilities in society and the shortcomings of public health institutions worldwide. The pandemic has become a challenge for healthcare organizations and agencies to address the identified deficiencies and develop strategies for a better and more secure future beyond the pandemic.

Covid and Cohabitation with Covid in the Modern World

Tamar Devidze — 2021-10-22

The damage caused to the country’s economy and human well-being by the crisis caused by the Covid pandemic is still unpredictable and growing. Measures taken by States to save lives and prevent the spread of pandemics; These include closing borders, banning traffic between cities, declaring a state of emergency, and restricting economic activity for social reasons. It has dealt a significant blow to the economic development of the countries of the world.

Studies and reports prepared by international organizations assess the impact of the pandemic on the global economy inconsistently. The impact of a pandemic on the world economy will be different and will depend on how long it takes to defeat it. Emerging economies should also expect significant financial losses. So only time will tell when the earth will return to pre-pandemic life. However, in this return, obviously, all the listed factors factors play a huge role.

The Impact of the Pandemic on the Georgian Economy and Ways of their Overcoming

Emzar Kakulia — 2021-10-22

The pandemic has had the greatest impact not only on human life but also on the world economy. World governments are looking for a way out of difficult economic situation.

Pandemic is a global challenge where Georgia can’t be an exception. Georgia’s economy has been hit hard by the coronavirus pandemic and has been in deep shock. It has caused great damage to both the economy as a whole and the well-being of the people. Amid a severe lockdown in April 2020, the country’s real GDP fell by 16.6% compared to April 2019.

In the current situation, Georgia can only receive foreign loans. The total volume of external assistance amounted to $ 3 billion. In 2020 alone, about $ 3.5 billion was spent on anti-crisis measures. Anti-crisis measures provided targeted assistance to businesses. First of all, the funds were spent on subsidizing employee income tax.

At the end of 2020, Georgia adopted the updated 2021 budget. It is based on 4% GDP growth, an inflation rate of 3.5% and a budget deficit of 7.6%. At the same time, the share of revenues decreased by 1.6 billion compared to the previous year, while the share of expenditures increased by 2.4 billion GEL. The deficit was planned to be repaid with external and domestic loans in the amount of 5.3 billion GEL, including the issuance of new Eurobonds in 2021.

Against the background of the crisis, the volume of foreign direct investment has set a new anti-record and reached its lowest level in seven years.

Georgia's real GDP in the first six months of 2021 increased by 12.7% compared to the same period last year. This was facilitated by the growth of remittances, the export of goods, and the gradual return of tourists. Also, support from official lenders has increased external buffers. . According to the Fitch rating scenario, Georgia’s economic growth will grow by an average of 7.8% in 2021, which is 3.5 percentage points higher than in the previous study of the agency.

However, judging by the same data from Geostat, the acceleration of economic growth has not yet led to an increase in the welfare of citizens. 21.3% of the population in Georgia is still below the absolute poverty line, while unemployment has reached a record level of 21.9% in recent years, while inflation has reached 7.2%.

As for the direct impact of economic growth on the well-being of the population, today high inflation can become a heavy burden for the population and its negative consequences are more tangible than the consequences of high economic growth. Therefore, it is important for economic growth to be inclusive.

It is difficult to talk about economic recovery until the end of universal vaccination of citizens, since the probability of a new outbreak of the epidemic is high.

Challenges of the Georgian Tax System in the Pandemic and Post-Pandemic Period

Murman Tsikubadze — 2021-10-22

The pandemic caused by Kovid-19 for Georgia and the world in general has become a kind of test, which has acquired a special scale and completely changed our daily lives. The pandemic affected all areas, virtually without exception, and provided a sort of test for each country and its systems.

In the process of the pandemic, the tax system became even more important in saving the country’s economy, as a kind of tool, the correct use of which depends on the results that the country will get in the pandemic and post-pandemic period. The tax system is an important part of the country's economic and financial infrastructure. It is through it that financial settlement is carried out quickly, safely and reliably. This is one of the main preconditions for the proper functioning of the financial and money markets. Finally, it contributes to the stability and effeciency of the economy in general. Issues related to the improvement of the tax system are the most important issues of Georgia’s economic development policy. The proper functioning of the country's economic system depends significantly on the tax policy pursued by the state and the proper functioning of the tax system. Taxes, in turn, are a tool for the state to influence the economy. Issues related to the improvement of the tax system have always been and and will be the most important key issue of economic policy, it became even clearer during the current crisis. The study analyzed the tax challenges that our country faces during the pandemic and post pandemic period, and reviewed the solutions that partially addressed these challanges. The income tax rebate of up to 150 GEL was significant, although it is unclear how the month of November 2020 was not covered and the companies received thousands of GEL in expenses. To get it we can consider it a part of the tax benefits of the tourism assistance package, however unfortunately it was not large-scale. There was also positive news, a lease rebate, when cash method of taxation instead of accrual was introduced in specific months, although this is not enough. It was necessary and is to extend the benefits to VAT, to reduce it by a few percent so that the aid is actually large-scale and more tangible. t is necessary to defer or abolish property taxes for those types of businesses that have had their revenues drastically reduced or closed. It is still unclear whether the pension system will not be used in this process, it is necessary to reconsider the approach to the mandatory principle of the pension system, because in this age-old crisis it is incomprehensible to continue the principle of mandatory payment in a completely monolithic manner.

COVID - pandemic and online training

Maggie Mandaria — 2021-10-22

As we know, 2020 and 2021 have been tough two years of quarantine and social distancing which were caused by the covid-19, also known as corona virus. And in order to prevent the spreading of the virus, we had to continue studying online. It’s been a whole year since everybody got used to online studying. That is why everybody thinks that Online learning is just as challenging, insightful, and thought-provoking as classroom-based learning – you will cover the same content, taught by the same instructors. With distance learning, you save on various costs like fuel, books,and many more. Distance learning programs are self-paced, they can provide you the chance to complete your study in less time and it cost lower educational costs.

On the other hand, online learning has many disadvantages too. For example- lack of social interaction. It’s a different kind of feeling when you interact with someone, have a conversation with them, as some say communication is the key, but with online studying there’s no social interactions. It’s also kind of depressing, sitting in room alone, staring at the screen andnot interacting with anybody at all. No social interaction causes the loss of motivation. In distance learning, learners do not need to attain classroom physically. They are isolated and therefore they are not able to get some sort of interaction with their other fellows in the course. While in the traditional method of learning, the learners get the opportunity to have an environment which gives them the challenge to perform better. In distance learning, these all factors are not available and can be not favorable for many students. Also, some students do not have access to computers or wi-fi and that's a huge disadvantage on them. Students may not have a quiet space to work, which many need in order to concentrate, stay on task.

So, in conclusion an online mode of study is a fusion of technology and education. It indicates how well an education system can take advantage of new technology and strive for growth and improvement, however it also has many disadvantages and such as lack of internet connection, access to computers or technology in general.

COVID – 19 Pandemic Impacts On Higher Education in Georgia

Anzhela Abuladze — 2021-10-22

The article discusses the global impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on online higher education, challenges and opportunities of online and blended learning. The article analyzes and evaluates the importance of introducing digital technologies in higher education institutions and ensuring the quality of the teaching / learning process. This article discusses how Georgia has adapted to the new reality.

Consumer Rights in the Process of Remote Sales in Pandemic and Post-Pandemic Period

Murman Tsikubadze — 2021-10-22

The article deals with the current reality of 2021 and the related post-pandemic challanges. Specifically, consumers and their rights in the process of remote sales. We will also touch on their behavior in the current market situation. The topic of the article is “Consumer rights in the process of remote sales, pandemic and post-pandemic.” Undoubtedly, this aspect is also noteworthy in the current force majeure situation caused by the corona virus. The world has faced many changes and global challenges, the precondition of which has become long-term self-isolation, so both companies and consumers have begun to respond to overcome the current situation.

As events unfolded, it became possible to determine how consumer behavior changed when purchasing this or that product during the distance selling process. The pandemic has changed industries and companies around the world. Consumers were forced to switch to online shopping and they became ultra-smart people in anticipation of creating an alarming situation. In this case, the main task of the business was only to adapt the brands or various services to the public interest during the global pandemic. However, in this situation, the rights of the customer are violated many times by the companies or the delivery service. This is the problem I will address in this article.

Georgian public awareness and Covid-information field

ელიზბარ ელიზბარაშვილი — 2022-06-20

The paper discusses the article by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant - “What is the Enlightenment?” It analyzes the Kantian understanding of the “immature” state of the individual. “Immaturity” is the inability of a person to use his judgment independently, without guardians, to make his own decisions at his own risk and as a result of analytical work. According to Kant, the mass of the immature creates an immature consciousness in society, the exit from which and the escape is the path to enlightenment. The mass of immature consciousness in modern Georgian society regarding the Corona situation is described based on the presented approach. The paper reveals that Groups of guardians, which in the community, deliberately hinder the transition of individuals from an immature state to a free, independent state of thinking and acting. Listed are the tools they used on this road. Finally, the report states that this public awareness contributes to the weakness of the Corona situation protest wave in Georgia compared to Western countries.